Archives par mot-clé : histoire religieuse

Monastic Communities and Canonical Clergy in the Carolingian World (780–840). Categorizing the Church

Monastic Communities and Canonical Clergy in the Carolingian World (780–840). Categorizing the Church

Rutger Kramer, Emilie Kurdziel, Graeme Ward (eds)

Turnhout : Brepols, 2022

454 p. ISBN : 978-2-503-57935-1 -hardback) / 978-2-503-57936-8 (E-book). €120

In the years 816–819, a series of councils was held at the imperial palace in Aachen. The goal of the meetings was to settle a number of questions about ecclesiastical organization. These issues were hotly debated throughout the Christian Roman Empire of the fourth and fifth centuries, and then reinvigorated by the renewal of empire under Charlemagne and his son Louis the Pious. At the centre of the ensuing debate stood the distinction between monks and monastic communities on the one hand, and the so-called clerici canonici and their communities on the other. Many other reforms were proposed in its wake: the position of the episcopacy needed to be renegotiated, the role of the imperial court needed to be consolidated, and the place of every Christian within the renewed Carolingian Church needed to be redefined. What started out as a seemingly straightforward reorganisation of the religious communities that dotted the Frankish ecclesiastical landscape thus quickly turned into a broad movement that necessitated an almost complete categorization of the orders of the Church. The contributions to this volume each zoom in on various aspects of these negotiations: their prehistory, their implementation, and their influence. In doing so, previously held assumptions about the scope, the goals, and the impact of the ‘Carolingian Church Reforms’ will also be re-assessed.

Table of contents

Institutions, Identities, and the Realisation of Reform: An Introduction — Rutger KRAMER, Emilie KURDZIEL, and Graeme WARD

The Monastic Reforms of 816–19: Ideals and Reality — Charles MÉRIAUX

Origins

The Organization of the Clergy and the canonici in the Sixth Century — Sebastian SCHOLZ

Choreography and Confession: the Memoriale qualiter and Carolingian Monasticism — Albrecht DIEM

Confusion and the Need to Choose? A Fresh Look at the Objectives Behind the Carolingian Reform Efforts in Capitularies and Conciliar Legislation (c. 750–813) — Brigitte MEIJNS

Old Norms, New Boundaries

What is a canonicus? The Carolingians and the Rethinking of Ecclesiastical ordines — Emilie KURDZIEL

Reduce, Reuse, Recycle: Episcopal Self-Reflection and the Use of Church Fathers in the Institutio canonicorum — Rutger KRAMER and Veronika WIESER

Loose Canonesses? (Non-)Gendered Aspects of the Aachen Institutiones — Michael EBER

Reception and Reflection

‘Superior to Canons, and remaining inferior to Monks’: Monks, Canons and Alcuin’s Third Order — Stephen LING

This is a Cleric: Hrabanus Maurus’s De institutione clericorum, Clerical Monks, and the Carolingian Church — Cinzia GRIFONI

The ‘Apostates’ of Saint-Denis: Reforms, Dissent and Carolingian Monasticism — Ingrid REMBOLD

Debating the “una regula“: Reflections on Monastic Life in Ninth-Century Manuscripts from St Gall — Jphanna JEBE

Reform in Practice

Monks Pray, Priest Teach, Canons Sing and the Laity Listens: The Regula Benedicti and Conceptual Diversity of Sacred Space in Carolingian Discourse — Miriam CZOCK

Cathedral and Monastic: Applying Baumstark’s Categories to the Carolingian Divine Office — Renie CHOY

Implementing Liturgical Change in Ninth-Century Lyon: Authority, Antiphoners, and Aachen 816 — Graeme WARD

Ordering the Church in the Ordines Romani — Arthur WESTWELL

Index


Rutger Kramer currently works as an assistant professor at the Radboud University Nijmegen and as a lecturer in medieval history at Utrecht University.

Emilie Kurdziel is Maître de conférences in medieval history, Université de Poitiers / CESCM (Centre d’études supérieures de civilisation médiévale).

Graeme Ward is an associate member of the Faculty of History of the University of Oxford.

Entre Islam et Chrétienté La territorialisation des frontières, XIe-XVIe siècle

1440592367_mDir. Stéphane Boissellier et Isabel Cristina Ferreira Fernandes

Entre islam et chrétienté. la territorialisation des frontières, XIe-XVIe siècles

Rennes : Presses Universitaires de Rennes, 2015 (Histoire)

ISBN : 978-2-7535-4120-7

Ce volume se fonde largement sur des concepts géographiques et sur la notion de territorialisation des frontières, sans toutefois négliger la spécificité culturelle des zones frontalières. Ces lieux où l’on voisine durablement avec l’infidèle reçoivent souvent un statut particulier et si leur définition spatiale n’est pas nette, leurs spécificités sont suffisantes pour marquer leur organisation. Ce phénomène est accentué, voire radicalisé, par la dimension idéologique des lieux où se confrontent deux confessions religieuses fortement antagonistes, la toponymie en gardant la trace.

Voir la table des matières et la 4e de couverture

Avec le soutien de l’université de Poitiers.


 

Stéphane Boissellier, agrégé d’histoire et ancien membre de la Casa de Velázquez, est professeur d’histoire médiévale à l’université de Poitiers et dirige le programme de recherches « Normativité et territorialité des faits sociaux, Péninsule ibérique-Méditerranée » au sein du centre d’études supérieures de Civilisation médiévale (UMR 7302). Spécialiste d’histoire médiévale portugaise, il anime et encadre des recherches sur l’organisation de l’espace, l’économie rurale, les relations entre monde latino-chrétien et monde arabo-musulman en Méditerranée occidentale.

Isabel Cristina Ferreira Fernandes est licenciée en histoire et titulaire d’une maîtrise en histoire de l’art à l’université de Lisbonne (faculté des lettres). Elle est coordinatrice du Gabinete de Estudos sobre a Ordem de Santiago (ville de Palmela), où elle promeut et coordonne des colloques internationaux et des publications relatifs aux ordres militaires et à l’archéologie.

 

La géographie religieuse des villes médiévales : aljama et ghetto

brepols boissellierJohn Tolan, Stéphane Boissellier (eds.)

Religious cohabitation in European towns (10th-15th centuries)
La cohabitation religieuse dans les villes Européennes, Xe-XVe siècles

Turnhout : Brepols, winter 2014-2015

(Religion in Law in Medieval Christian and Museum Societies, 3)

ISBN: 978-2-503-55252-1

EUR 75,00 excl. tax

Medieval towns, from Portugal to Hungary to Egypt, were places of contact between members of different religious communities, Muslim, Christian and Jewish, who rubbed shoulders in the ports and on the streets, who haggled in the markets, signed contracts, and shared wells, courtyards, dining tables, bath houses, and sometimes beds.  These interactions caused legal problems from the point of view of the Jewish, Christian and Muslim judicial scholars of the middle ages, not to mention for the rulers of these towns.  These legal attempts to define and solve the problems posed by interreligious relations are the subject of this volume, which brings together the work of seventeen scholars from nine countries (France, Italy, Spain, Hungary, Portugal, Lebanon, Israel, Tunisia, USA),  specialists in history, law, archeology and religion.

John Tolan is professor of Medieval History at the University of Nantes and author of numerous articles and books in medieval history and cultural studies. He currently is director of a major project funded by the European Research Council, “RELMIN: The legal status of religious minorities in the Euro-Mediterranean world (5th-15th centuries)”

Stéphane Boissellier is full professor of medieval history at the University of Poitiers (France) ; author of books and articles about medieval social and economic history. He leads a scientific program (“Espagne-Méditerranée : Normativité et territorialité des faits sociaux”) within the Centre d’Etudes Supérieures de Civilisation Médiévale (U. Poitiers-CNRS)

Table of Contents

Stéphane Boissellier, Introduction

Le cadre légal des minorités religieuses dans les villes médiévales—fondations textuelles / The Legal Context of Religious Minorities in Medieval Towns—Textual Foundations

Alejandro García Sanjuán, Limitaciones en las relaciones entre musulmanes y ḏimmíes en la tradición legal malikí: las normas sobre el saludo – Diego Quaglioni, Entre Italie et Allemagne. Les relations judéo-chrétiennes à la fin du Moyen Age: l’affaire de Trento (1475-1478) – Tahar Mansouri, Les dhimmis dans les documents de chancellerie de l’époque mamelouke Farid Bouchiba, Cohabitation religieuse et pratiques alimentaires à Cordoue au XI-XIIe siècles d’après le grand Qādī Ibn Rušd al-ğadd (m. 520/1126)

La géographie religieuse des villes médiévales : aljama et ghetto / Religious Geography in Medieval Towns : Aljama and Ghetto
Aleida Paudice, Religious Identity and Space in Venetian Candia Dominique Valerian, La présence des musulmans étrangers dans les ports chrétiens – Pierre Moukarzel, La législation des autorités religieuses et politiques sur les marchands européens dans le sultanat mamelouk (1250-1517) – Brian Catlos, Is It “Country Air” that Makes Infidels Free? Religious Diversity in the Non-Urban Environment of the Medieval Crown of Aragon and Beyond

La promiscuité urbaine et ses implications pour le droit religieux / Urban Promiscuity and its Implications for Religious Law

Elisheva Baumgarten, “These are Their Holy Days”: Jewish Conceptions of the Christian Ritual Cycle in Medieval Germany and Northern France Olivia Constable, Cleanliness, Godliness, and Urban Bathhouses in Medieval Spain – Filomena Barros, Les musulmans portugais: la justice entre la normativité chrétienne et la normativité islamique

Justice et régulation de conflits dans les villes médiévales / Justice and Conflict Resolution in Medieval Towns

Ahmed Oulddali, L’accusation d’outrage envers les musulmans à travers une fatwa rendue à Tlemcen en l’an 849/1445 – Katalin Szende, Laws, Loans, Literates: Jewish-Christian Contacts in the Towns of Medieval Hungary from the Mid-Thirteenth to the Mid-Fifteenth Century Youna Masset, Les relations interconfessionnelles à Tortose, entre norme et pratique (2ème moitié du XIIIe siècle-premier quart du XIVe siècle) Rena Lauer, Jewish Women in Venetian Candia: Negotiating Intercommunal Contact in a Premodern Colonial City, 1300-1500

John Tolan, Conclusion